Amụma "carbon abụọ" na-eweta mgbanwe dị egwu na nhazi mmepụta ike, ahịa nchekwa ike na-eche ọganihu ọhụrụ ihu

Okwu mmalite:

N'ịbụ nke atumatu "carbon abụọ" na-akwalite iji belata ikuku carbon, usoro mmepụta ike nke mba ga-ahụ mgbanwe dị ukwuu.Mgbe afọ 2030 gachara, site na nkwalite akụrụngwa nchekwa ike na akụrụngwa nkwado ndị ọzọ, a na-atụ anya na China ga-emecha ngbanwe site na ọgbọ ike sitere na fossil gaa na ike ike ọhụrụ dabere na 2060, yana oke ọgbọ ike ọhụrụ ruru ihe karịrị 80%.

Amụma "carbon abụọ" ga-ebupụ ụkpụrụ nke ihe nrụpụta ike nke China site na ike fosil gaa na ume ọhụrụ nke nta nke nta, a na-atụkwa anya na n'afọ 2060, ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke China ga-enweta ihe karịrị 80%.

N'otu oge ahụ, iji dozie nsogbu nke nrụgide "na-akwụghị ụgwọ" wetara site na nnukwu njikọ grid n'akụkụ nke ike ọgbọ ọhụrụ, "iwu nkesa na nchekwa" n'akụkụ nke ike ike ga-ewetakwa ọganihu ọhụrụ maka ike ike. akụkụ nchekwa.

"Mmepụta amụma carbon abụọ

Na Septemba 2020, na nnọkọ nke 57 nke Mgbakọ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu, China tụpụtara atụmatụ ebumnuche "carbon okpukpu abụọ" nke iru "carbon kacha elu" site na 2030 yana "nnọpụiche carbon" site na 2060.

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2060, ikuku carbon nke China ga-abanye n'usoro "na-anọpụ iche", yana atụmatụ ikuku carbon ijeri 2.6, na-anọchi anya mbelata 74.8% na ikuku carbon ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2020.

Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama ebe a na "carbon nnọpụiche" apụtaghị efu carbon dioxide emissions, kama na ngụkọta ego nke carbon dioxide ma ọ bụ griin haus emissions emepụtara ozugbo ma ọ bụ na-apụtaghị ìhè site na mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-eme ihe omume onwe ha na-ewepụ site na carbon dioxide nke ha. ma ọ bụ griin haus emissions n'ụdị igbu ọhịa, ike ịzọpụta na emission mbelata, nke mere iji nweta nti na-adịghị mma offsetting na nweta ikwu "efu umu".

Atụmatụ "carbon abụọ" na-eduga n'ịgbanwe n'ụdị akụkụ ọgbọ

Akụkụ atọ anyị kachasị elu nwere oke ikuku carbon dị ugbu a: ọkụ eletrik na kpo oku (51%), nrụpụta na ihe owuwu (28%), na njem (10%).

N'ebe a na-enye ọkụ eletrik, bụ nke na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke ike eletrik nke mba ahụ dị nde 800 kWh na 2020, ike mmepụta ike dị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 500 nde kWh, ma ọ bụ 63%, ebe ike ọhụrụ bụ 300 nde kWh, ma ọ bụ 37% .

N'ịbụ nke atumatu "carbon abụọ" na-akwali iji belata ikuku carbon, ngwakọta ike mba ga-ahụ mgbanwe dị ukwuu.

Site na ọkwa kacha elu carbon na 2030, oke nke ọgbọ ike ọhụrụ ga-aga n'ihu na-arịgo ruo 42%.Mgbe afọ 2030 gachara, site n'ịkwalite akụrụngwa nchekwa ike na akụrụngwa nkwado ndị ọzọ, a na-atụ anya na ka ọ na-erule 2060 China ga-emecha ngbanwe site na ike ọkụ fossil na-aga n'ọgbọ ike sitere na ike ọhụrụ, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ ga-erute. karịa 80%.

Ahịa nchekwa ike na-ahụ ọganihu ọhụrụ

Site na mgbawa nke akụkụ ọhụrụ ike nke ahịa, ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike ahụkwala ọganihu ọhụrụ.

Nchekwa ike maka ọgbọ ike ọhụrụ (photovoltaic, ike ikuku) nwere njikọ na-enweghị atụ.

Igwe ọkụ fotovoltaic na ike ikuku nwere ikike siri ike na mgbochi mpaghara, na-eme ka ejighị n'aka siri ike na ike ike na ugboro ugboro n'akụkụ ike nke ike, nke ga-eweta mmetụta dị ukwuu n'akụkụ grid na usoro nke njikọ okporo ụzọ, ya mere, iwu nke ike. enweghị ike igbu oge ebe nchekwa.

Ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa ike ọ bụghị naanị na-edozi nsogbu "ọkụ na ifufe gbahapụrụ" nke ọma, kamakwa "nchịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu na ugboro ole" nke mere na ike ike na ugboro ole dị n'akụkụ ike ike nwere ike dakọtara n'usoro a na-eme atụmatụ na akụkụ okporo, si otú a na-enweta ire ụtọ. ịnweta grid maka ọgbọ ike ọhụrụ.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ahịa nchekwa ike nke China ka dị ọhụrụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ahịa mba ọzọ, yana mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke mmiri China na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.

Nchekwa mgbapụta ka na-achịkwa n'ahịa ahụ, yana 36GW nke nchekwa mgbapụta etinyere na ahịa China na 2020, dị elu karịa 5GW nke nchekwa electrochemical arụnyere;Otú ọ dị, nchekwa kemịkalụ nwere uru nke na-agaghị egbochi ya site na ọdịdị ala na nhazi mgbanwe, ọ ga-eto ngwa ngwa n'ọdịnihu;A na-atụ anya na nchekwa electrochemical na China ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agafe ebe nchekwa na 2060, na-eru 160GW nke ikike arụnyere.

N'oge a na ọhụrụ ike ọgbọ n'akụkụ nke oru ngo biding, ọtụtụ obodo ọchịchị ga-ezipụta na ọhụrụ ike ọgbọ ọdụ na nchekwa na-erughị 10%-20%, na odori oge abụghị ihe na-erughị 1-2 awa, ọ. enwere ike ịhụ na "atụmatụ nkesa na nchekwa" ga-eweta nnukwu uto maka ọgbọ nke ahịa nchekwa ike eletrik.

Otú ọ dị, na nke a ogbo, dị ka uru nlereanya na-eri nyefe nke ike ọgbọ n'akụkụ electrochemical ike nchekwa bụ ma doro anya, n'ihi na a ala esịtidem ọnụego nke nloghachi, ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ike nchekwa ọdụ bụ ukwuu n'ime iwu-edu ewu, na a ka ga-edozi okwu gbasara ụdị azụmaahịa.


Oge nzipu: Jul-05-2022